2025 Grants Overview

In the inaugural year of the Penn MEDIATED Research Grant Program, the Center funded 12 grants for a total of $160,000, including projects that will build essential datasets, develop new software tools, define novel taxonomies, apply emerging computational and AI methods, and experimentally test new interventions.

These projects demonstrate our Center’s commitment to understanding and strengthening our information ecosystem at a moment of profound technological change and extraordinary democratic crisis. They make critical contributions across three dimensions of information and democracy research: unpacking how media ecosystems shape public understanding, examining AI’s expanding role as an information intermediary, and investigating communication strategies that enable persuasion and common ground. The grant program has already been successful in its goal of promoting interdisciplinary collaboration at Penn: half of the grants are jointly led by two or more researchers at different Penn schools.

Unpacking the Media Ecosystem

These projects examine systematic patterns in media coverage, develop data infrastructure, and create datasets tracking media content and ownership, revealing what shapes the news we consume and providing resources for research on media's role in democracy.

When AI Mediates Information

These projects contend with the rise of LLMs as information gatekeepers and examine what LLMs refuse to answer, how they transform news content, and whether they reinforce users' existing beliefs. Through these initiatives, these researchers seek to document and measure AI's influence on information access, providing transparency into systems that increasingly determine what information reaches the public.

Persuasion and Common Ground

Four projects address conversational divides and analyze the foundations of persuasive communication in the public sphere, including how AI chatbots shape trust and belief formation.

Penn MEDIATED Research Grants: Funded Proposals

Persuasion and Common Ground

Interpersonal Discussions and Tipping Points in Social Networks

Sandra González-Bailón, Diego Reineiro, James Houghton
Annenberg School for Communication, School of Engineering and Applied Science
Examines how interpersonal discussions shape individuals' moral and political views and how these influences spread through repeated interactions within social networks.
Topics
CommunicationSocial NetworksPolarizationPoliticization
Expected outputs
DatasetModels/FrameworkRecommendations
Persuasion and Common Ground

Integrative experiment to explore the effect of conversation interventions on dialogue across disagreement

James Houghton, Dean Knox, Yphtach Lelkes, Matthew Levendusky, Erik Santoro, Erin Walk, Duncan Watts
School of Engineering and Applied Science, The Wharton School, Annenberg School for Communication, Annenberg Public Policy Center
Conducts a large-scale experiment testing 21 interventions designed to improve dialogue across socio-political difference and evaluate which are most effective at encouraging future conversations.
Topics
CommunicationBehavioral Theory
Expected outputs
RecommendationsTheory Advancement
When AI Mediates Information

AI Watchman: Longitudinally Auditing Generative AI Content Moderation of Social Issues

Emma Lurie, Sorelle Friedler, Danaé Metaxa
School of Engineering and Applied Science (external collaborator: Computer Science at Haverford College)
Introduces an open-source interactive monitoring system to improve transparency on how LLMs moderate content, especially for politically contested social issues.
Topics
AI/LLMsModeration PoliciesAccountability
Expected outputs
Tool Design/Application
Persuasion and Common Ground

Information Density and Narrative Persuasion in AI Chatbots: Cross-National Evidence from India and the United States

Neil Sehgal, Sharath Chandra Guntuku, Andy Tan
School of Engineering and Applied Science, Annenberg School for Communication
Tests how conversational styles of AI chatbots (factual vs. narrative-based) shape persuasion, trust, and information sharing across the United States and India.
Topics
AI/LLMsMessagingNarrativesPolicy Shaping
Expected outputs
RecommendationsTool Design/ApplicationDataset
Unpacking the Media Ecosystem

Documenting how National News Media Depict Crime in the US

Baird Howland, Billy Pierce, Amir Tohidi, Duncan Watts
Annenberg School for Communication, School of Engineering and Applied Science
Uses large language models to analyze national mainstream media coverage of crime, examining which crimes receive attention, how they are framed, and what solutions are promoted.
Topics
MediaMessaging
Expected outputs
DatasetReplicable Measures
When AI Mediates Information

PolitiChat: Understand Political Bias in LLMs Through Real Human-LLM Conversations

Originally titled: How AI Transforms News: Measuring Bias and Distortion During LLM Conversations
Elliot Pickens, Duncan Watts, Chris Callison-Burch
School of Engineering and Applied Science
Maps how users discuss political topics with chatbots, tracing conversations back to original news articles to document fabrication, overgeneralization, and selective emphasis.
Topics
AI/LLMsMediaPoliticsBias
Expected outputs
TaxonomyTheory AdvancementDataset
Persuasion and Common Ground

Narrative License in Science Communication in the Era of Large Language Models

Calvin Isch, Phil Tetlock, Duncan Watts
Annenberg School for Communication, The Wharton School, School of Engineering and Applied Science
Studies "Narrative License," when scientific claims outrun the evidence, leveraging LLMs to detect it at scale, test its effects on readers, and devise interventions to limit its spread.
Topics
Narratives LicenseMessagingLLMs
Expected outputs
RecommendationsTool Design/Application
Unpacking the Media Ecosystem

Archiving Digital Political Advertising Content

Andrew Arenge, Marc Meredith, Matthew Levendusky
School of Arts and Sciences – Political Science
Builds a comprehensive, searchable dataset of digital political ads run in the United States since 2018 to support research on how platform policies and campaign rhetoric evolve across election cycles.
Topics
AdsPoliticsAccountability
Expected outputs
DatasetTool Design/Application
Unpacking the Media Ecosystem

Who Controls the Media? Measuring Media Orientation in Civic Coverage with Action–Based Sentiment Toward the Government

Ezgi Yilmaz, Zung-Ru Lin, Mina Rulis, Erik Wibbels
School of Arts and Sciences – Political Science
Uses LLMs to track how news outlets frame coverage for national incumbents when reporting on civic matters.
Topics
MediaBiasAccountability
Expected outputs
DatasetModels/Framework
When AI Mediates Information

Adversarial Testing of Misalignment in Frontier LLMs When Asked to Create Anti-Democratic Campaign Materials

Gayoung Jeon, Neil Fasching, Deen Freelon
School of Engineering and Applied Science, Annenberg School for Communication
Conducts adversarial testing on 19 frontier models to see how safety guardrails can be bypassed to generate anti-democratic campaign content.
Topics
AdsPoliticsAI/LLMs
Expected outputs
Recommendations
When AI Mediates Information

Unpacking How Context (Conversation History) Shifts the Framing of LLMs Outputs

Vishwanath Emani Venkata, Sandra González-Bailón
Annenberg School for Communication
Examines whether LLM-powered search systems generate responses that align with users' preexisting political beliefs, potentially reinforcing echo chambers.
Topics
AI/LLMsSearch Engine AlgorithmsEcho ChambersPolitics
Expected outputs
Research AdvancementHuman Impact
Unpacking the Media Ecosystem

Election Administration Media Dashboard

Liz Stark, Marc Meredith, Michael Morse
School of Arts and Sciences, University of Pennsylvania Carey Law School
Builds a comprehensive repository of media coverage on election administration, offering scholars, policymakers, and citizens critical data on how media narratives affect public confidence in elections.
Topics
ElectionsMediaBiasAccountability
Expected outputs
Tool Design/ApplicationDatasetHuman Impact